What is the first line treatment for Chlamydia psittaci (Psittacosis)?

Doxycycline is the first-line treatment for Chlamydia psittaci, the causative agent of psittacosis. This antibiotic belongs to the tetracycline class and is effective against the intracellular organism responsible for the infection. Doxycycline works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria, leading to their inability to grow and reproduce.

This treatment is particularly important for psittacosis because the bacteria can survive within host cells, and doxycycline has good intracellular penetration, making it effective in treating infections caused by intracellular pathogens. Duration of treatment typically ranges from 7 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the infection.

While macrolides like azithromycin could be effective and are sometimes used as alternatives, doxycycline remains the preferred initial choice due to its established efficacy and safety profile in treating chlamydial infections, including those caused by Chlamydia psittaci.

Treatments such as ribavirin are not relevant for psittacosis, as ribavirin is an antiviral medication not indicated for bacterial infections. Similarly, supportive care is important in managing symptoms but does not address the underlying bacterial infection. Therefore, doxycycline is the most appropriate first-line treatment for psittacosis.