What is the first line treatment for SARS-CoV-2 in mild to moderate cases?

In the context of treating mild to moderate cases of SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19, the primary approach is supportive care. This treatment strategy focuses on providing symptomatic relief and maintaining hydration, ensuring that the patient is comfortable as the immune system works to fight off the infection. Supportive care can include measures such as rest, the use of antipyretics for fever, and other symptomatic treatments to manage discomfort.

The choice of supportive care as first-line treatment is particularly important because most individuals with mild to moderate disease do not require hospitalization or more aggressive interventions, allowing them to recover at home with adequate monitoring. While antiviral medications and other treatments may be used in more severe cases or as directed by specific clinical guidelines, they are not deemed first-line for mild presentations.

Corticosteroids are reserved for more severe cases where there is significant respiratory distress or inflammation; their use in mild cases is avoided due to potential negative effects on the immune response. Oxygen therapy is also reserved for patients experiencing severe hypoxia or difficulty breathing, which is not typical in mild to moderate cases. Therefore, supportive care is the most appropriate and effective initial approach for managing mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.